Conclusion.

Asthetic object from material to abstract idea.

- conceptualism & minimalism

spatial shift
ideologic shift(value)
discursive field

1) short history of technology - based media art before 2000s

begining - 1967 E.A.T(Experiment in Art and Technology)
Application of simple technologics 1970s & 1980s before www.
Application of internet technologies

2) Media artworks after 2000s

character : dynamic, interactive..
breakage: fine art(artwork without artist) & other art

3) Applied media artworks

art fused computer tech.
etc.

-------------------------------------

Epilogue.

- It was absolutly great time for me and for us. Speaking and Listening in English were good experience for us. The class is gonna be taken big part of our impressive memory. Anyway, actually I don't understand the 'art' and the 'aesthetics' of a media but I can say I tried to understand and feel those something ultimately hard themes. Lastly, I'd like to say thanx to Dr. Yoon and the classmates(the guys who most desperated) for had impressive effort.

new media: determining or determined? 2

*Based on Hyowon and Sunghoon's features

A narrtive of redemption

McLuhan’s view of media as technological extensions : These four cultures
Primitive oral Culture , Literate Culture , Mechanical printing , Electric media

Remediation-
Any media contents can be changed or transiated to other media

Extending the sensorium-
electric circuitry = extension of the central nervous system

The medium is the message
The power of media technologies to structure social arrangements and relationships.
‘Medium is the message' means the broadening of the concept of a medium to all kinds of technologies that enabled.

Human agency versus technological determination
The complex of social, cultural, and economic factors which shape them,
The ways that technologies are mobilished for certain ends
Through the media, communications several of the questions will be.

printing thechnology


The extension thesis
Four versions of this thesis: Aristotle , Marx , Ernst Kapp , Henri Bergson
That technology becomes autonomous determining its own fucture
and that of the socity it shapes.

Medium is not a message anymore.
Medium became a massage.
Medium came to us too closely.
Medium spreaded out ALL the entertainment we see.

and.

It will be fused to our mind inside, someday.

New media: determining or determined? 1

*Based on Jiyoon and Dahye's Features.

Why the Frankfurt School?
-Produced first critical perspectives on mass media and popular. And theories & methods is important aspect of the development of the study of popular culture .

Mass society critics feared four things : First is the debasement and displacement. Second is the erosion of high cultural traditions. Third is loss of the ability of these cultural traditions to comment critically on society 's values. Fourth is the indoctrination and manipulation.

Fascism and Stalinism : Totalitarianism
– Standardization , political indoctrination
– 3S : sex, screen, sports

-

McLuhan and Williams-

The Different between McLuhan and Williams are that McLuhan said new media change everything. But Williams said media can only take effect through already present social processes and sustain existing power relations.

Marshall McLuhan’s major works are,“The medium is the message”, clothes is an extension of skin, a wheel is an extension of foot, a book is an extension of eyes, electricity is an extension of the central nerve, and “global village”.

Raymond Williams’s major works are, The research direction to popular culture like movies and television, countless detailed studies of all kinds of media are guided and informed by his careful and penetrating outlines for a theory of media as a form of cultural production, and new media as subject to control and direction by human institutions, skill, creativity and intention, we are building upon such a williamsite emphasis.

Who was dissatisfied with old media?

*Based on hyerim and joohee's presentaion.

What is discourse?

Language does not merely describe a pre-given reality .Operating such as microscopes, telescopes and camera .

A sense of repetition in how media changes is dejavu (: 'seen this' or 'been here' before ). And each new medium occurs and proceeds technologically and socioeconomically in the same way.

Also the same patterns of response are evident in the members of the culture and the same patterns occur in widely different historical and social contexts .

Determine a kind of media is panorama or dirama and technological visual culture .

And lastly we ask ourselves that what is real. Noone can tell defenitely about the real. Think about that am I reall real. And are those things we see are really real. The answer should be known by ourselves.

-What is the problem to which new communication media are the solution?We Will find discursive framework.

-Celebrate as overcoming that negative limits, oppressive feature and dominant analogue media.
-Superiority of new media from retrospective projections and post-hoc rationalisations of change.

-Two sets of idea exist technological Imaginary and ‘mass’ broadcast media.

-Psychoanalytic theory is critical thoughts… So, recast in more sociological language.

-The imaginaire is difference that ‘real’ & ‘symbolic’. And it is not refer poetic mental faculty or the activity of fantasizing.

-We apply to technology Role of such an ‘other’, social reality and desires for a better society.

-Abstract notionv is case study. And reminding ourselves, so considering the recurring sense.

-Loss of the form that are displaced from photography on painting and television then video on cinema. More recently digital imaging on photography and graphics software.

-Expressed in social is telephone invade the domestic privacy and email eradicates the time for reflection.

TV kills the limit of imagination, I think. We call it stupid box in Korea and I agree with it absoultly because there is no interaction between the media and contactor.

What Kind of history 2

*Based on dayun and samyeol's presentaion.

A sense of deja vu-> New media have caused several media historians to record a sense of deja vu.The feeling that we have been here before.

Photography Cinema->That have been used to contextualise the widespread technophilia of the contemparary moment.We discuss earlier 'media revolution'.

Existing body of media history->Literacy, Printing Press, Book, Photography, Film and Television + music.

'Coming of the book', 'the birth of photography'.-> cultural impact of the computer, but such studies are very important.

Historical & ethnographic research->imaginative investment in new technologies their appearance inour lives the members of a culture repurpose and subvert media in everyday use.

What kind of history? 1

*based on Semi and Nahyun's representation.

- Teleological accounts of new media

From cave paintings to mobile phones
In rheingold's historical scheme
the cave paintings -> fax machine

From photography to telematics : extracting some sense from teleology.
includes Peter Weibel's 8 stage historical model of the technologic
developments of image production and transmission

Seeing thr limits of new media teleologies
focault and gerealogies of new media
Mark Poster's concept
Jay Polter and Richard Grusin's concept
-> focauldian perspective


- New media and the modernist concept of progress

Deffered future of new media
- because of technological underdevelopment
-> rather,culprit is cultural resistance
- be used and understanding according to older, existing practices and ideas
-> limit the potential of new media

The view of medermist aesthetic
medium has its often kind of essence
medium has to be genuirely new from the past and old media

Gene Youngblood
Steve Holzman

Modernist viewpoint - new media has to make a radieal break with the past
Greenbergian ideas - did nothave to break with a past
Pictorialists, TV, cinema - Pictorialists are would be the example of the perceptual imperialists

The content of medium is always another media
Ray williams - Media technology doesn't have an essence

New media is radically novel?

change and continuity

- Based on TaeWoo and JeongJin's feature

- Polarized over the degree of new media's newness
- Hinges upon the disciplinary frameworks and discourses
- Revolutionary - historical perspective

Newness - measuring

How new? How large changes?
- We need to establish from what previous states things have changed.

Revolution -Change (new) + Continuity(Old)

Three possibilities

1) How can we know that new things are made from?
2) Familiar in everyday use on consumption
3) Degrees of novelty
- new media buzzword 'interactivity'

Medium - is kind of a bridge between two objects.

The characteristics of new media 3

* based on Kyu-ho and Ji-Ye's feature


-Virtual = Virtual Reality = VR

-Virtual reality is an environment which is produced by a computer and seems very like reality to the person experiencing it.

-The immersive, interactive experiences provided by new forms of image and simulation technology.

-‘Places’ and ‘Spaces’ created by or within communications networks.


Cyberspace--

- Two kind of VR
- immersive VR
- VR of online network

Cyberspace feature fusion in the same frame
* embodiment - 정신에 육체를 부여함

A future scenario

- Virtual actors
- Computing power and bandwidth
- Technological imaginary

VR -Telematic, Sensory(Personal experience), conncectivity( World linked)


---------

Virtuality is same meaning with a 'reality' in dictionay but what is really diffenrent with two of these confusing theme? I guess virtuality is simulation of a real by human.

the characteristics of new media 1

The contents highlighted from Sungwon and Kihoon's presentation.

Interactivity

- digital media offer us a significant increase in our opportunity to manipulate and intervene in media. ->the interactive potential of new media.

Some ideological dimensions of interactivity
- To declare a system interactive is to endorse it with a magic power.
- old media->passive consumption
- new media->interactivity

A whole new world
- ex)Sky Digital (Open TV service) ->extremely limited possibilities

Instrumental(or functional) views of interactivity
- instrumental meaning of interactive
- users' ability-> not viewer, reader
- instrumental definitions and ideological meaning

Hypertextual navigation
- user can construct for him of hherself an individualised text.

Immersive navigation
- two paradigms of interaction
- extractive

Registrational interactivity
- Registrational interactivity refers to the opportunityes that new media texts afford their users to 'write back into' the text.
- 'input' and 'writing back'
- bulletin boards, newgroups

Interactive communications
- e-mail
- chat site

Interactivity and new critical questions
-Problems of interpretation
-Problems of definition
-Problems for producers

What are New Media? -2-

*The content based on Eui-Kwon and Soo-jung's presentation.

We looked for what are new media? -2- in this chapter. The new media is non-technical and inclusive which means It is not limited to one narrow concept for field of technology and other means it is range of phenomena. Other means the new media is general and abstract which means it is really inclusive.

ideological connotations of the new

It was tail part of the 'What are new media?". Yeseul presented subsequently Bundo's present. The main idea was same as last class but ask deeply about the interesting idea about what is the "new".

In Yeseul's present, she described about -modernist belief- to claims + Hopes, increased product, educational opportunity, open up new creative, communicative horizons. And the meaning of "new", she mentioned part of a powerful ideological movement and a narrative about progress in western society. Lastly, Dr. Yoon supplied about the ideas. The final given thing to us was quite difficult question that 'What is the word "new" in media?'. Dr yoon provided some examples for our solving problem.(Video watching)

The video showed incredible contents like French art movement and most especial thing was 'bit waterfall'. It was kinda interactive art used waterfall to show messages from computer messages transformed into a bit. During the movie shown, I realized a little bit about the word 'new'. In conclusion, I think the 'new' means just an one step from the step before we did which means how do we think just little varily from our oldschool mind.

The media as an institution & The intensity of change

The topic was "What are new media." and Bundo presented about this chapter. The main ideas of the chapter were 'The media as an institution' and 'The intensity of change'.

In 'the media as an institution' we mentioned about media communication, institution and organizations, the culture and material product of the institutions, paying attention to more than point of media, new technological possibilities and established media form.

And about 'The intensity of change', we mentioned about 1980's big changing, a shift from modernity to post - modernity, intensifying processes of globalization, a replacement of an industrial age of by a post - industrial information age, a decentring of established and centralised geo - political orders.

It was quite difficult topic for us. There were so many different kind of views and something messed up philosophies. A memorable topic was about a massmedia. We call newspaper, TV(Radio) broadcasting news and etc. to 'massmedia' but from the internet begun, the media and information's(ofcourse knowledge included) origin is messed up so I thought it should be called 'messmedia'.

Anyway, It was particular approaching of the media but in other hand I believe it was interesting lecture for us.

Theoretical Background 1: Traditional Thoughts on Art

The class has begun. I was worried about this class before the semester begins. Because someone told me that the class should be in English but the worry was missed. Dr. Yoon's class was really active between him and students. Dr. Yoon's instruction processing was proper and slow.(His pronunciation was also easy to understood.) Most surprise thing was the atmosphere of the class. Dr. Yoon gave some kind of jokes usually and most of the students responsed to the jokes.

Anyway, the topic of the lecture was 'Theoretical Background : Traditional Thoughts on Art'. Many philosophers name were called like Plato, Aristoteles, Hume, Kant, Hegel , Goodman, Heidegger, etc. They were really closed by art. I mean the basic of the art. their history was deeply hused with art. I was easily understood because of Dr. Yoon's distinctive expressions. The lecture was absoultly clear as he did before.

The class was really awesome as more then I expect.

2007.09.10

Open.